lipoprotein (a) test
The lipoprotein (a) test measures the level of lipoprotein (a) in the blood. Lipoproteins are substances composed of proteins and fats that carry cholesterol in the blood. There are two main types of cholesterol:
- High-density lipoprotein (HDL) or "good" cholesterol
- Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) or "bad" cholesterol
Other names: Cholesterol Lp (a), Lp (a)
For what do you use it?
The lipoprotein (a) test is used to determine the risk of having a stroke, a heart attack or other heart diseases. It is not a routine analysis. It is usually done only to people who have certain risk factors, for example, a family history of heart disease.
Why do I need a lipoprotein (a) Blood test?
You may need this test if you have:
- Heart disease, despite having normal results in other lipid tests
- High cholesterol, despite following a healthy diet
- Family history of heart disease, especially if it occurred at a young age or there were sudden deaths from heart disease
What happens during a lipoprotein (a) test?
A doctor or health professional takes a blood sample from a vein in one arm using a small needle. After inserting the needle, remove a small amount of blood that is placed in a test tube or vial. You may feel slight discomfort when the needle is inserted or removed, but the procedure usually takes less than five minutes.
Will I have to do something to prepare for the test?
The analysis of lipoprotein (a) does not require any special preparation. If your doctor or health professional asked you for other tests, for example, cholesterol, you may have to fast (do not eat or drink anything) for 9 to 12 hours before the blood sample is taken. Your doctor or health professional will tell you if you should follow any special instructions.
Does this test have any risk?
The risks of a blood test are minimal. You may feel mild pain or a bruise where the needle is inserted, but most symptoms disappear quickly.
What do the results mean?
A high level of lipoprotein (a) could mean that you are at risk for heart disease. There are no specific treatments to reduce the level of lipoprotein (a). Your genes are what determines your lipoprotein (a) level; it is not affected by your lifestyle or by most medications. But if the results of your test indicate a high level of lipoprotein (a), your doctor or health professional may recommend that you reduce other risk factors that can cause heart disease. This could include medications or lifestyle changes such as:
- Follow a healthy diet
- Lose weight
- Give up smoking
- Exercise regularly
- Reduce stress
- Reduce blood pressure
- Reduce bad cholesterol (LDL)
Certain situations and factors can influence the results of the test. You should not have a lipoprotein (a) test if you have:
- Fever
- Infection
- Has recently lost a lot of weight
- Pregnancy
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